Visual Supports

Visual supports are tools that use pictures, symbols, written words, or gestures to support understanding and expression of language. They make abstract concepts more concrete, provide structure, and help clarify expectations for students with communication challenges. Visual supports enhance comprehension, promote expressive communication, reduce frustration, and encourage independence by enabling students to convey needs, follow routines, and participate in daily activities. They also support learning, memory, and generalization of skills across settings and communication partners, making them a vital component of effective communication intervention.

Visual Schedule

A visual schedule is a tool that shows pictures, symbols, or words to explain what will happen and in what order. It helps students know what to expect, follow routines, and move from one activity to the next. Implementing this during a speech session provides a clear, predictable structure for the student, reduces anxiety, and supports smooth transitions between activities. Visual schedules also increase student engagement and independence by allowing them to follow the session with less adult prompting. Additionally, they can improve attention, support comprehension, and provide opportunities for the student to anticipate and communicate about upcoming tasks.

First/Then Boards

A first/then board is a visual tool that shows a student what activity or task comes first and what comes next.  "First” for the task the student needs to do and “then” for a preferred activity or reward that comes after. First/then boards are used in speech therapy to help motivate students, support transitions, and keep them on track. They make expectations clear and help students participate more successfully in therapy sessions.

Sentence Strips

 

Sentence strips are used in speech therapy to help students build and practice sentences. Students can arrange words or phrases on the strips to form complete sentences, answer questions, or tell stories. They support language development, grammar, and communication skills, and are especially helpful for students who benefit from visual or hands-on learning.

 

 

Communication Boards

A communication board is a tool that displays pictures, symbols, words, or letters that a person can point to in order to communicate. Communication boards are used in speech therapy to help students express their needs, wants, and ideas when they have difficulty speaking. By pointing to pictures, symbols, or words, students can communicate more effectively, participate in activities, and interact with others. Communication boards support language development, independence, and confidence in communication.

 

 

 

 

Choice Boards

A choice board is a visual tool that shows a selection of options or activities for a student to choose from. It can include pictures, symbols, words, or letters. Choice boards help students make decisions, communicate preferences, and feel more in control. Choice boards are used in speech therapy to help students communicate their preferences and make decisions. By pointing to pictures, symbols, or words, students can indicate what activity, item, or task they want. Choice boards promote independence, support communication, and increase engagement during therapy sessions.

 

 

 

 

Token Board

Token boards are used in speech therapy to motivate students and reinforce positive behavior or participation. Students earn tokens for completing tasks, following directions, or reaching goals, and can exchange a full board for a preferred reward or activity. Token boards help motivate children to participate in speech therapy and complete tasks by providing clear expectations, reinforcing positive behaviors, and encouraging persistence as students work toward a reward. Token boards also promote independence and increase opportunities for practicing communication skills in a structured, supportive way.

 

 

Adapting Materials

For students on the autism spectrum, adapting materials means changing activities, tools, or resources so they are easier to understand, use, and engage with. This can include adding visuals, simplifying instructions, using hands-on or tactile supports, or incorporating technology like AAC devices. Adapting materials is important for students on the autism spectrum because they often have unique learning, communication, and sensory needs. Materials that are too complex, abstract, or unstructured can be confusing or overwhelming. By adapting materials students can better understand expectations, stay engaged, and practice skills successfully. Adapted materials make therapy more accessible, reduce frustration, and provide meaningful opportunities for communication and learning in a way that meets their individual needs.